How ‘Rogue One’ used CG to complete its cast

Spoilers ahead for Rogue One: A Star Wars Story.

Two weeks ago, Rogue One: A Star Wars Story debuted, a side tale devoted to bridging the gap between the prequels and original trilogy. But it also spent time with numerous nods to the latter, including digitally resurrecting a character portrayed by an actor who passed away in 1994. While the CG necromancy earned mixed reactions, the resulting animation is an incredible achievement requiring the Rogue One filmmakers to walk a tightrope of technical and ethical concerns.

After they decided that the character in question, Grand Moff Tarkin, would need to be included due to his connection to the Death Star superweapon, the filmmakers set an ambitious plan to recreate him after the original actor Peter Cushing passed away two decades ago. They chose Guy Henry, an actor of similar stature who could affect Cushing’s vocal style, to film Tarkin’s performances while wearing motion capture materials on his head. Then they began the laborious process to digitally layer Cushing’s face on top, which required rigorous tinkering.

For example, Rogue One is lit differently than the franchise’s next film, A New Hope, where Tarkin appears: Thus, a more accurate recreation of Cushing’s face wouldn’t mesh with how the other actors in the scene looked. There were other challenges to hew closer to his performance, like imitating facial tics. The whole process was like “a super high-tech and labor-intensive version of doing makeup,” chief creative officer at Industrial Light & Magic John Knoll told The New York Times.

Nevertheless, the CG performance stoked backlash from critics who not only decried the “digital indignity” of resurrecting an actor beyond his or her ability to give permission, but also worried about a slippery slope enabling the studio to bring back other deceased performers. Rogue One’s filmmakers defended their decision and denied that the precedent would open floodgates. For one, it was labor-intensive and expensive. To slip other cameo characters in without incurring great cost, the team used unused footage from A New Hope of fighter pilots Red Leader and Gold Leader while completely recasting roles like Rebellion leader Mon Mothma and General Jan Dodonna.

But the worry remains: A final cameo in Rogue One’s closing moments shows a familiar bun-haired princess from behind before swapping to a brief facial view of Princess Leia, which the filmmakers had remapped with actress Carrie Fisher’s visage from 1977’s A New Hope. Unlike Cushing, Fisher was alive and could conceivably have given her personal blessing when Rogue One was in development, but her tragic passing today leaves us wondering just how restrained Disney will be given the character Leia’s enduring role in the franchise. The upcoming Episode VIII’s shooting may have wrapped back in July, but with this new resurrection tool in Disney’s kit, who knows if that will be Fisher’s last performance.

Update: This post’s original title ambiguously referred to the CG recreation of a “dead actor” to avoid spoiling the late Peter Cushing’s role in the film. Unfortunately, the headline was written before actress Carrie Fisher passed on today and seemed to refer to her and her cameo. We apologize for any perceived insensitivity.

Source: The New York Times

Long-lasting sound waves in glass could lead to better tech

Sound lasts for a long time when traveling through glass (just hit a wine glass with your cutlery if you need proof), but controlling the lifetime of that sound? Not so easy. Yale scientists, however, have discovered a way to extend the lifespan of sound waves that could be tremendously helpful for technology. The team shot a laser into a glass-based fiber optic waveguide, giving it the ability to both generate a sound at one frequency and extend it by creating a strong acoustic wave at another — as Yale notes, it’s like switching on your stereo to introduce a new frequency and prolong a ringing sound.

Since glass is the key to fiber optic data lines and other forms of tech, the implications are significant. They could introduce new approaches to “high-precision sensing and information processing,” according to Yale — say, using sound instead of light for processors or network links. While it’s far, far too early for this sound wave tech to find its way into a product you can buy, it won’t be surprising if you hear about additional breakthroughs stemming from the work you see here.

Source: Yale News

Apple Tops Holiday Sales With 44% of All New Device Activations

Apple’s iPhone and iPad were the most popular mobile devices gifted during the holidays this year, according to new data shared by Yahoo-owned mobile analytics firm Flurry.

Flurry examined device activations by manufacturer between 12/19 and 12/25, finding Apple devices to be twice as popular as Samsung devices.

44 percent of all new phone activations were Apple iPhones, while Samsung smartphones accounted for 21 percent of activations. Huawei, LG, Amazon, Oppo, Xiaomi, and Motorola trailed behind with between two and three percent of activations each.

While Samsung is slowly growing in popularity throughout the holiday season, up 1% from last year, Apple devices continue to be the gift to give. Holding the third and fourth positions for activations are Huawei and LG; which is remarkable, as both manufacturers do not have an individual device within the top 35 devices activated. Their high rank is likely due to the fact that they have wide variety of devices and affordable options (hundreds of phablet and medium phones) for consumers to choose from.

Google’s Pixel smartphone, which came out in October, did not make Flurry’s list.

Last year, Flurry released a similar report, and Apple devices made up 49.1 percent of all device activations, while Samsung devices came in at 19.8 percent.

Phablets, or smartphones and tablets ranging in size from 5 inches to 6.9 inches, continued to grow in popularity. In 2016, the phablets category, which includes the 5.5-inch iPhone 6 Plus, 6s Plus, and 7 Plus, was responsible for 37 percent of total device activations. Medium-sized phones, like the 4.7-inch iPhone 6, iPhone 6s, and iPhone 7, were responsible for 45 percent of all activations. Activations of full-sized tablets, like the iPad, have continued to wane.

To gather its data, Flurry measured smart device activations and app downloads from the hundreds of thousands of apps it tracks from December 19 to December 25.

Tag: Flurry Analytics
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2016’s Biggest Apple Leaks: iPhone, Macs, Apple Watch, iPad, and More

Apple’s product lineup has expanded over the past couple of years with the addition of the Apple Watch, a third notebook line, and most recently AirPods, and while 2016 turned out to be a bit of a disappointment for some with the Mac in particular seeing many models go the entire year without an update, there were still a number of significant updates.

July 2016 mockups showing iPhone 7 and two variations of iPhone 7 Plus
As we reach the end of the year, it’s worth a look back at some of the more notable and accurate rumors and leaks from 2016 to see how the sometimes long and winding road of rumors led to the product launches we eventually saw.

iPhone 7

As always, the iPhone rumor cycle starts early, although this year seemed to have a smaller than usual number of part leaks beyond the usual casing leaks, most of which were physical mockups based on circulating design specs.

The most controversial change in the iPhone 7 was the removal of the headphone jack, a rumor that first surfaced in November 2015 courtesy of Mac Otakara. As the calendar flipped over to 2016, additional sources came out in support of the claim, although many observers remained skeptical even as additional rumors and case leaks poured in throughout the first half of the year.

One of the other key changes in the iPhone 7 is the dual rear camera found on the larger iPhone 7 Plus model, and KGI Securities analyst Ming-Chi Kuo was the first to report that rumor back in January. At the time, it wasn’t clear if the dual camera modules would be available in sufficient supplies to be included on all iPhone 7 Plus models, so Apple also protoypted a single-camera iPhone 7 Plus, but the company was indeed able to offer the dual cameras across the board on the iPhone 7 Plus.

March 2016 leak of iPhone 7 Plus dual rear camera module
By March, we started seeing our first part leaks in the form of the dual camera for the iPhone 7 Plus and an apparent mockup of the iPhone 7 Plus rear shell, showing the dual camera and an integrated camera bump.

Leaked iPhone 7 Plus shell mockup from March 2016
That rear shell leak also depicted three dots near the bottom of the case, leading to speculation about an iPad Pro-like Smart Connector. Rumors about an iPhone Smart Connector persisted for months afterward, but became quieter as we got closer to launch, and it’s unclear whether this rumor was unfounded from the very beginning or if it’s something Apple toyed with but ultimately decided against including.

AirPods

Rumors about Apple’s AirPods wireless earphones date back to October 2015, when we discovered a trademark application for the name that bore the hallmarks of being registered by an Apple shell company. As rumors of Apple removing the headphone jack from the iPhone 7 increased, speculation about potential wireless earphones from Apple followed suit, including a specific claim in January that Apple was working on premium wireless earphones to be sold alongside the iPhone 7.

September 2015 trademark application that first revealed the “AirPods” name
By July, we had increasing confidence that Apple was indeed behind efforts to trademark the “AirPods” name, and soon after we began hearing about Apple’s custom Bluetooth chip that would arrive in the AirPods and new Beats headphones in the form of the W1 chip.

Heading into Apple’s September iPhone 7 event, Apple began registering for product certifications for the AirPods, while trademark investigation further confirmed Apple’s efforts to protect the AirPods name, along with other terms such as AirPod Case.

iPhone SE

Apple’s iPhone SE debuted in March, and by the time the calendar flipped over to 2016 the rumor mill was in full swing on this device after several years of rumors about a new 4-inch iPhone to satisfy more budget-minded customers and those unhappy with Apple’s 2014 move to larger devices with the iPhone 6. Those rumors picked up in earnest with a December 2014 report claiming Apple was aiming for a late 2015 launch of the new 4-inch phone.

The biggest question about the iPhone SE that wasn’t resolved until relatively close to its launch was just what the device would look like, with rumors split between an iPhone 5s-like design and a more iPhone 6-like design with rounded edges.

February 2016 drawing showing an iPhone SE design based on iPhone 5s but with a bit of iPhone 6-style rounding
Ultimately, the iPhone SE turned out to be essentially identical to the iPhone 5 and 5s in terms of design, but with internal specs on par with the iPhone 6s in many respects.

One of the other details about the iPhone SE that remained unclear heading into 2016 was what its name would be, with the official name surfacing from 9to5Mac just under a month before the device’s unveiling. Rumors from January had suggested the device could carry an “iPhone 5se” or iPhone 5e” name, while earlier rumors had pointed toward “iPhone 6c” as a possible name, a moniker which had previously been attached to a rumored colorful budget version of the iPhone 6.

9.7-Inch iPad Pro

Given that the iPad Air 2 had debuted in late 2014, rumors of an “iPad Air 3” naturally ramped up heading into late 2015 and the launch of the 12.9-inch iPad Pro.

January 2016 drawing showing four speakers and rear flash on 9.7-inch iPad Pro
As we continued to wait for a new 9.7-inch iPad into 2016, rumors began hinting at a more iPad Pro-like device, with rumors starting to point toward a four-speaker setup and rear camera flash in January and ultimately including a Smart Connector and Apple Pencil support and even the same “iPad Pro” name.

Apple Watch

Early rumors about the second-generation Apple Watch suggested it could include a significant upgrade such as a camera, GPS, and cellular connectivity, but as we moved into early 2016, rumors began indicating we’d actually be seeing an update focused on internal upgrades with a launch in late 2016. By August, the specs for the Apple Watch Series 2 were pretty well nailed down, including GPS, a barometer, better waterproofing, and a larger battery, but not cellular connectivity.

August 2016 photos of Apple Watch Series 2 battery, 35% larger than original generation
One of the more intriguing rumors came in early August and addressed the possibility of Apple selling “upgraded” Apple Watch 1 models alongside the second-generation models. There was considerable skepticism about the rumor, as it was unclear why Apple would not just sell price-reduced original models alongside the Apple Watch 2, but the rumor indeed proved to be true, with Apple offering Series 2 models alongside new Series 1 models that were nearly identical to the first-generation models but with a faster processor to address performance issues.

MacBook Pro

Rumors of redesigned MacBook Pro models have circulated for quite some time, although some of the early rumors out of Apple’s supply chain either confused the MacBook Pro and MacBook Air or were ambiguous about which line they were addressing, which made for some uncertainty in the early months of the rumor cycle. One of the most widely covered early rumors actually came in November 2015, when it was reported Apple was working on new 13-inch and 15-inch MacBook Air models with “fully redesigned” internal components. In hindsight, it seems clear this rumor referred to the MacBook Pro, and this became clearer in subsequent months as additional rumors surfaced.

The “new 13-inch and 15-inch” notebook rumor appeared again in March, and this time the machines were simply referred to as “MacBooks” and said to be thinner than the existing MacBook Air. Again there was confusion about which notebook line this rumor referred to, but it does once again appear to have been referring to the MacBook Pro, which is indeed thinner than the thickest portion of the MacBook Air. The rumor suggested the new notebooks could arrive in the June or July timeframe, hinting at a potential introduction at WWDC in early June, but we had to wait several more months before we finally did see the new MacBook Pro in October.

By late May we saw our first rumor about the MacBook Pro’s Touch Bar, with reliable analyst Ming-Chi Kuo accurately describing the Touch Bar, Touch ID, USB-C, Thunderbolt 3, a new “thin and light” design, and a fourth quarter launch. His description of a new 13-inch MacBook was confusing, however, and in retrospect it appears he was talking about the non-Touch Bar MacBook Pro that also appeared in October.

May 2016 of MacBook Pro top case with space for Touch Bar
Just days after Kuo’s report, the first (and only) true part leak for the MacBook Pro we saw appeared when photos of a top case from the 13-inch model leaked out of Apple’s supply chain. The photos clearly showed blank space replacing the traditional row of function keys, giving some strong support to rumors of the OLED Touch Bar that was indeed included on the new models. The photos also showed the larger trackpad on the new MacBook Pro, while side views showed the machine’s four USB-C ports and a headphone jack.

macOS 10.12.1 graphic from Apple leaked the Touch Bar and Touch ID
Subsequent rumors about the MacBook Pro generally reaffirmed what we’d already heard, with questions continuing to circulate about timing until Apple officially announced its October media event. In a bit of a surprise, Apple ended up spoiling its own unveiling a bit by including information on keyboard layouts with function keys, Apple Pay and Touch ID, along with graphics showing the MacBook Pro’s Touch Bar, in the macOS 10.12.1 update that was released several days prior to the event.

MacBook

In early 2016, DigiTimes indicated Apple was planning to begin production on updated MacBook models with Skylake processors around March or April, which seemed reasonable given it would mark an approximately one-year interval since the machine was initially introduced.

March 2016 OS X reference to 12″ MacBook (Early 2016)
In late March, it was discovered that Apple had inadvertently leaked its own secrets by including references to an “Early 2016” MacBook within OS X, suggesting a launch before the end of April. Apple followed through with a launch of updated MacBooks in late April.

MacBook Air

Rumors on the MacBook Air were quite sparse in 2016, and in fact Apple did not update the machine other than quietly bumping the standard RAM to 8 GB on the 13-inch models in April and then discontinuing the 11-inch models in October. The only persistent rumor for the MacBook Air was a shift to USB-C that may have resulted from confusion with the MacBook Pro.

Even as the MacBook Pro detail began to firm up, however, reports of USB-C MacBook Air models continued, with mainstream media picking them up by August and other sources continuing to mention them almost until Apple’s October event. It now seems apparent, however, that Apple has no plans for significant MacBook Air updates, and the machine will likely be phased out as Apple consolidates its notebook lineup into the MacBook Pro and MacBook.

iMac

Several rumors in the latter part of 2016 indicated Apple is working on new iMacs with USB-C and AMD graphics chips. Bloomberg had indicated the updated iMacs were part of a wave of new Macs, some of which could launch “as soon as October,” but the MacBook Pro was the only Mac to see an update in that timeframe. Just ahead of Apple’s October media event, Ming-Chi Kuo reported that the new iMacs won’t be ready until the first half of 2017, a claim echoed by Bloomberg in late December.

Displays

An August report from Bloomberg claimed Apple was working with LG on a new 5K external monitor, some two months after Apple discontinued the Apple Thunderbolt Display and said it was getting out of the display business. That turned out to be correct, with Apple and LG introducing the new LG-branded 5K display (and a smaller 4K sibling) at Apple’s MacBook Pro event in October, and the new display began shipping just before the end of the year.

LG’s UltraFine 5K displays alongside new MacBook Pro
Ming-Chi Kuo addressed the topic of a new “Cinema Display” from Apple ahead of the October media event, indicating the display would likely ship in the first half of 2017 as the “shipping schedule [was] not imminent,” but it is unclear whether he was referring to the LG 5K display that just barely began shipping before the new year.

Wrap-up

Despite some confusion and conflicting rumors, the rumor mill was fairly accurate at predicting Apple’s product plans for 2016. As usual, some very early rumors on the various products turned out to be correct, but it took time for additional reports to corroborate the claims and increase confidence in them.

Among the most notable uncertainties were details on the iPhone SE, which varied significantly between iPhone 5s-like and iPhone 6 or 6s-like characteristics both internally and externally. Part of the uncertainty may have arisen from an extended development timeline that initially pointed toward a 2015 release but as it was pushed into 2016 Apple may have opted to increase the hardware capabilities of the device.

With Apple’s product launches done for 2016 and the calendar turning to 2017 this coming weekend, attention will soon turn toward a new batch of rumors as consumers look forward to the next iPhone, new iPads, more Mac updates, and perhaps some additional surprises.

Related Roundups: iPad Air 2, iMac, MacBook Air, Displays, MacBook Pro, Apple Watch Series 2, watchOS 3, iPad Pro, Retina MacBook, iPhone 7, iPhone SE
Tag: AirPods
Buyer’s Guide: 9.7″ iPad Pro (Caution), iMac (Don’t Buy), MacBook Air (Don’t Buy), MacBook Pro (Buy Now), Apple Watch (Neutral), 12.9″ iPad Pro (Caution), MacBook (Caution)
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