The Puerto Rico blackout, from space

A fire at a power plant in Puerto Rico left almost 1.5 million homes and businesses without power on Wednesday night. On the ground, businesses were forced to close, and traffic ground to a halt as lights went dark. Around 340,000 people were left without water, and millions were without air conditioning and fans in 90-degree heat. A huge number of Puerto Ricans are still affected, and the scale of the problem is visible from space.

NASA’s Earth Observatory shared before-after images of the island, taken by The Visible Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on the Suomi NPP satellite. The first image, taken at 2:50AM local time on Wednesday, shows the island bathed in artificial light, especially concentrated around the capital city of San Juan in the northeast. The second, captured at 2:31AM on Thursday, paints a very different picture. While San Juan is still fairly lit, surrounding urban areas are not, and many rural areas are pitch black. The southern city of Ponce is almost entirely in the dark.

The images were captured using VIIRS “day-night” band. Earth Observatory explained that this band “detects light in a range of wavelengths from green to near-infrared and uses filtering techniques to observe signals such as gas flares, city lights, and reflected moonlight.” Moonlight is the reason that the shade of the ocean shifts between the two images.

Power had been restored to just under 400,000 homes and business by Thursday night, but millions are still without electricity. The island’s government-owned power authority AEE said it expected more than half of its customers to have power by Friday morning, and 90 percent are hoped to be connected by Saturday.

The Big Picture is a recurring feature highlighting beautiful images that tell big stories. We explore topics as large as our planet, or as small as a single life, as affected by or seen through the lens of technology.

Source: NASA Earth Observatory

Engadget’s guide to the 2016 presidential candidates

In 2016 America will elect a new president — and we’re about to hit the most intense part of the campaign, with three debates coming up between now and election day.

After eight years in office Barack Obama will move out of the White House and take a long overdue break from the stresses of running the country (or at least attempt to). But, before someone new sets up shop in the Oval Office, he or she will have to convince America that they deserve to be president. At Engadget we’re firm believers in the power of an informed electorate, so to help you find the candidate right for you, here is a look at the contenders and where they stand on a swath of issues related to science and technology. We’ll be updating this guide throughout the election season to reflect current polling numbers and new comments from the candidates regarding the issues.

Click here to see all the candidates’ report cards.

Disclaimer

This guide is not 100 percent objective and we won’t pretend otherwise.

We at Engadget have our biases, just like anyone else. That being said, our goal here is not to pass judgment on a candidate’s policies (or party), but rather on their understanding of the subject matter. While almost the entire staff here supports net neutrality, we are not penalizing candidates for opposing it. What is important is that the candidates demonstrate that they have thought about the issue, understand it and have taken an educated position, regardless of the world view or ideology that informs it.

There are two issues, however, where we are drawing a line in the sand. Climate change and evolution. There is plenty of room for debate about how to address the crisis of climate change or how to teach science in our nation’s schools. But there is no room for debate on scientific fact.

How we grade

We’re taking a look at a series of issues regarding science and technology and giving the candidates a letter grade, A through F, based on their demonstrated knowledge of each. We’re judging the candidates based on their own words, which are provided in as much context as possible with a link to the source. More detailed proposals and explanations in general earn a better grade.

In the case of representatives and senators we are not using voting records against them. Our elected officials cast hundreds of votes for varying reason and those can easily be misconstrued to indicate support or opposition for virtually any issue. However, if they wrote, endorsed or introduced a piece of legislation we assume that it represents their views relatively accurately.

Not having gone on record about a particular topic is not necessarily grounds for deducting points. But, if a candidate has multiple question marks on their card, we take that into consideration for the final grade.

We are also deducting at least one full letter grade for the explicit rejection of the science of man-made climate change and the theory of evolution.

Polling numbers

Polls are not perfect. In fact, they’re pretty imperfect. To limit the margin of error and get a better representation of the current candidate rankings we’re using an average of the most recent polls from ABC News / Washington Post, NBC / Wall Street Journal and, CBS / New York Times.

The issues

Net neutrality: The concept that all data being sent across the internet should be treated equally, without preference for source. The FCC enshrined this by-default practice as the law of the land by subjecting broadband internet to many of the regulations found under Title II of the Communications Act of 1934, which governs “common carriers” like landline telephones.

Evolution: That life on Earth evolved from a common ancestor and continuously evolves through mutation and the act of natural selection is accepted scientific fact. Though a less prominent issue than in years past, some still wish to “teach the controversy” insinuating that there is disagreement among scientists over whether evolution by natural selection is the basis for the emergence of life. These opponents to teaching evolution often back a theory called “intelligent design” which is essentially biblical creationism.

Climate change: The mean temperature around the globe has been climbing steadily and there is a clear correlation between that and an increase in CO2 emissions. An overwhelming majority of scientists around the globe are convinced that human activity is responsible for at least a portion of that temperature increase. The increase of temperature is expected to have a dramatic effect on sea levels, weather patterns and crops. Some candidates reject the scientific consensus, but the biggest question is how to address the growing problem and slow the warming.

Clean & renewable energy: Transitioning away from fossil fuels towards higher efficiency and renewable energy sources provides a number of benefits for the environment as well as the US, both economically and politically. But how best to encourage that transition and how quickly to do so is a hotly debated topic. Some suggest removing regulation to encourage more activity from the private sector, while others believe the government can use its resources to ease the transition and incentivize energy companies.

Government surveillance & privacy: Few issues have been as controversial over the last several years than the government’s surveillance programs. In particular the NSA’s bulk metadata collection has raised concerns among privacy advocates. Still there are some who believe that the privacy concerns are overblown and that these tools are essential to protecting the US from terrorist attacks.

STEM education & research: Over the last several decades, American students have fallen behind much of the rest of the world in math and science. As the US economy has shifted away from manufacturing and towards a more service-based economy, training in science, technology, engineering and math has become increasingly important. There is debate over how (and if) the government should use its resources to encourage students to pursue STEM degrees and fund scientific endeavors through organizations like the National Science Foundation.

NASA: America’s space agency and premier scientific research organization. In addition to unlocking the mysteries of the universe and seeking to better understand the environment on Earth, NASA research has led to better prosthetic limbs, solar cells and even scratch resistant lenses for glasses. NASA also built OpenStack, a cloud computing platform used by everyone from eBay and Sony to CERN and the NSA. But how to fund NASA is always a controversial subject, especially as its Earth science efforts have ramped up.

Cyber security: The last several years have seen an explosion of digital attacks against America and American companies. Those attacks have come from both state-sponsored sources and criminal elements. There has been debate over what if any role private industry has to play in national cybersecurity and cyber warfare, as well as the proper balance between offensive and defensive cyber efforts.

Online gambling: The issue of online gambling found itself in headlines again recently after many daily fantasy sports sites found themselves shutout of several states. Some officials want to pass stringent laws at the federal level greatly restricting online gambling.

Patent reform: Over the last several years, bills like the America Invents Act and cases like Alice v. CLS have addressed serious problems in our patent system. How effective they have been is questionable, however. The time it takes for patents to be granted can still be quite long and trolls still find ways to abuse the system.

Broadband infrastructure: There are still large sections of the country that lack access to broadband internet, especially in rural areas. Expanding the reach of high speed internet is a challenge with no easy solution. Companies are often hesitant to invest in building a network with a limited customer base, and it’s no secret that broadband internet in the US is both slower and more expensive than it is elsewhere in the world.

H-1B visas: The issue of legal immigration is almost as controversial as that of illegal immigration. The H-1B visa program in particular is meant to allow companies like Google and Facebook to attract highly skilled workers from other countries. Though recent news coverage has focused on abuses of the program by companies looking for cheap labor.

Vaccinations: Over the last few years, there’s been a distinct and troubling pushback against vaccinations in the US. Perhaps most notable was the measles outbreak of 2014, a year in which the number of cases across the country hit 667. That’s a relatively small number — but it’s for a disease that was eliminated in 2000. A big part of the 2014 and 2015 measles cases in the US stemmed from unvaccinated visitors to Disneyworld in California. It’s in the public’s best interest for preventable diseases like this to stay under control, and the next president will obviously play a role in how the country deals with vaccines going forward.

Click here to see all the candidates’ report cards.

[Image credit: Catharina van den Dikkenberg]

Huge DDoS attack takes down popular security researcher’s site

Just a few weeks after helping to bust some of the biggest cyberattack sellers on the web, security researcher Brian Krebs’ popular site, KrebsOnSecurity, has been knocked offline by a distributed denial of service (DDoS) attack. Earlier this week, Krebs noted that the site was facing one of the biggest DDoS attacks ever recorded, reaching a peak of 620 Gbps at its peak. But while his site managed to withstand the initial assault thanks to Akamai’s Prolexic service, it was eventually taken offline after Akamai removed KrebsOnSecurity from its network.

It’s looking likely that KrebsOnSecurity will be offline for a while. Akamai’s kicking me off their network tonight.

— briankrebs (@briankrebs) September 22, 2016

Krebs notes that he was using Akamai’s service for free, so he “can’t really fault” them for their decision. He added on Twitter, “I likely cost them a ton of money today.” While its unclear when KrebsOnSecurity will be back online, you can still access the site’s archives via the Internet Archive.

Bumble will verify profiles by asking users to take selfies

Bumble, a dating service that you can also use to find new BFFs, has launched an unorthodox verification process specifically designed to prevent catfishing. It won’t just ask you to click a link sent via email or to confirm your identity through a phone call — no, the service will ask you to take selfies to prove you’re not using somebody else’s photos. If you choose to go through the process, Bumble will send you one of the 100 random photo poses it has on file. You’ll then have to take a selfie copying that particular pose and send it in. Bumble says it can hand out verification badges within just a few minutes, even though real employees will authenticate and take a look at every single picture people send.
According to TechCrunch, the process won’t be mandatory, unless someone reported you for having a potentially fake profile. If you fail to prove you’re you within seven days, Bumble will hide your profile, and you won’t be able to use its features. The process will go live within a week, so you may want to practice your poses if you use the app regularly.

Via: TechCrunch

Source: Bumble

Users Report Loss of HiDPI Scaling on External Displays in macOS Sierra

Some Mac owners are reporting problems with external monitors and the use of scaled resolutions since installing macOS Sierra earlier this week.

Several MacRumors readers using 4K displays have described the disappearance of scaled HiDPI resolutions beyond 1920×1080 since updating from OS X El Capitan, leaving their options reduced to 1080p or a non-scaled native resolution of 3840×2160. Monitors with native 1440p resolutions also seem to have had HiDPI scaling options removed.

Scaled options in Sierra (left) and OS X El Capitan (right) when holding the Option key.
Owners of larger displays often use Apple’s scaled HiDPI resolutions offered in Display preferences to enjoy increased desktop space without reducing the legibility of text. MacRumors forum member Sheza warned:

If you’re like me and you have a 1440p monitor that you like to run in 1080p HiDPI mode using a custom plist or SwitchResX, DO NOT UPGRADE TO SIERRA.

Likewise if you have a 4K display and you like a bit more space while maintaining that sweet retina look and so you run it in 1440p HiDPI, DO NOT UPGRADE TO SIERRA.

Apple seems to have inexplicably removed this ability. You’re now forced to destroy your eyesight by running… at native resolution.

Some readers have reported unsuccessfully trying alternative monitor cable connections – switching over from DisplayPort to HDMI and vice versa. Others have tried using third-party resolution utilities like SwitchResX, with mixed results.

A separate report posted on StackExchange, viewed 1,259 times, details the same issue:

I just upgraded to macOS Sierra. In El Capitan, I could have my 4k monitor (Dell P2715Q) scale so it was the equivalent of a 2560×1440 monitor, but in Sierra it only lets me do 2k/4k resolutions now.

MacRumors can also confirm that the issue appears to be software-related, since the scaled resolutions reappear when affected Macs are rolled back to OS X El Capitan. The issue does not seem to be limited to a particular monitor brand and the latest Public Beta (10.12.1) of Sierra released on Thursday does not reinstate the missing resolutions.

It’s unclear if the change is intentional or whether Apple will re-introduce the scaling options in a forthcoming update. Sierra Beta users are advised to submit feedback to Apple using the Feedback Assistant app located in /Applications/Utilities.

Related Roundup: macOS Sierra
Discuss this article in our forums